Foreign policy consists of the actions and decisions by governments that affect their citizens, relations with other countries and the wider international community. It encompasses everything from national security and defense strategy to trade policy, economic development, environmental protection, and regional conflict resolution.
America’s power can last only to the extent that other countries believe that its wise application furthers their interests as well. After all, the use (and threat) of American military might evicted Iraqi troops from Kuwait, convinced Haiti’s military junta to relinquish control, broke al-Qaida’s hold on Afghanistan and elsewhere, and more. Likewise, the wise application of America’s financial resources and its world-class diplomatic corps often advances the interests of democratic and liberal other states.
Moreover, globalization has broadened the U.S. agenda. Failing and weak states endanger not only their own people but Americans as well, posing new threats to peace and security. Famines, infectious diseases, and poor governance offend our moral sensibilities and can even threaten the safety of Americans at home.
For this reason, a successful foreign policy requires cooperation with other nations. Working together, the United States can imbed its values and interests in institutions that will shape countries for decades. It can also lessen the chances that cultural and political tactics will sap America’s power over time, as they have done with past hegemons. The coequal branch of the government, Congress, is also a vital actor in shaping foreign policy by providing oversight and passing legislation that shapes policy and by funding activities abroad.
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